Ramblings & ephemera

1/2 of all bots are in China

From “Report: China’s botnet problems grows” (SecurityFocus: 21 April 2008):
Computers infected by Trojan horse programs and bot software are the greatest threat to China’s portion of the Internet, with compromises growing more than 20-fold in the past year, the nation’s Computer Emergency Response Team (CN-CERT) stated in its 2007 annual report released last week.
The response [...]

Modern piracy on the high seas

From Charles Glass’ “The New Piracy: Charles Glass on the High Seas” (London Review of Books: 18 December 2003):
Ninety-five per cent of the world’s cargo travels by sea. Without the merchant marine, the free market would collapse and take Wall Street’s dream of a global economy with it. Yet no one, apart from ship owners, their [...]

Russian bot herders behind massive increase in spam

From Ryan Naraine’s “‘Pump-and-Dump’ Spam Surge Linked to Russian Bot Herders” (eWeek: 16 November 2006):
The recent surge in e-mail spam hawking penny stocks and penis enlargement pills is the handiwork of Russian hackers running a botnet powered by tens of thousands of hijacked computers.
Internet security researchers and law enforcement authorities have traced the operation to [...]

A prison completely run by the inmates

From Mica Rosenberg’s “Guatemala forces end 10-year prisoner rule at jail” (The Washington Post: 25 September 2006):
Guatemalan security forces took over a jail run for over 10 years by inmates who built their own town on prison grounds complete with restaurants, churches and hard-drug laboratories.
Seven prisoners died when 3,000 police and soldiers firing automatic weapons [...]

Warning signs of an incipient serial killer

From Wikipedia’s “MacDonald triad” (26 July 2006):
The MacDonald triad are three major personality traits in children that are said to be warning signs for the tendency to become a serial killer. They were first described by J. M. MacDonald in his article “The Threat to Kill” in the American Journal of Psychiatry.

Firestarting, invariably just for [...]

How to wiretap

From Seth David Schoen’s “Wiretapping vulnerabilities” (Vitanuova: 9 March 2006):
Traditional wiretap threat model: the risks are detection of the tap, and obfuscation of content of communication. …
POTS is basically the same as it was 100 years ago — with central offices and circuit-switching. A phone from 100 years ago will pretty much still work today. [...]

The real solution to identity theft: bank liability

From Bruce Schneier’s “Mitigating Identity Theft” (Crypto-Gram: 15 April 2005):
The very term “identity theft” is an oxymoron. Identity is not a possession that can be acquired or lost; it’s not a thing at all. …
The real crime here is fraud; more specifically, impersonation leading to fraud. Impersonation is an ancient crime, but the rise [...]

Two-factor authentication: the good & the bad

From Bruce Schneier’s “More on Two-Factor Authentication” (Crypto-Gram: 15 April 2005):
Passwords just don’t work anymore. As computers have gotten faster, password guessing has gotten easier. Ever-more-complicated passwords are required to evade password-guessing software. At the same time, there’s an upper limit to how complex a password users can be expected to remember. About five years [...]

When people feel secure, they’re easier targets

From Bruce Schneier’s “Burglars and “Feeling Secure” (Crypto-Gram: 15 January 2005):
This quote is from “Confessions of a Master Jewel Thief,” by Bill Mason (Villard, 2003): “Nothing works more in a thief’s favor than people feeling secure. That’s why places that are heavily alarmed and guarded can sometimes be the easiest targets. The single most important [...]

What bots do and how they work

From The Honeynet Project & Research Alliance’s “Know your Enemy: Tracking Botnets” (13 March 2005):
After successful exploitation, a bot uses Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP), File Transfer Protocol (FTP), HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP), or CSend (an IRC extension to send files to other users, comparable to DCC) to transfer itself to the compromised host. The [...]

Different types of Bots

From The Honeynet Project & Research Alliance’s “Know your Enemy: Tracking Botnets” (13 March 2005):
… some of the more widespread and well-known bots.

Agobot/Phatbot/Forbot/XtremBot
… best known bot. … more than 500 known different versions of Agobot … written in C++ with cross-platform capabilities and the source code is put under the GPL. … structured in a [...]

Uses of botnets

From The Honeynet Project & Research Alliance’s “Know your Enemy: Tracking Botnets” (13 March 2005):
“A botnet is comparable to compulsory military service for windows boxes” - Stromberg
… Based on the data we captured, the possibilities to use botnets can be categorized as listed below. …

Distributed Denial-of-Service Attacks
Most commonly implemented and also very often used are [...]

Who runs botnets?

From The Honeynet Project & Research Alliance’s “Know your Enemy: Tracking Botnets” (13 March 2005):
An event that is not that unusual is that somebody steals a botnet from someone else. … bots are often “secured” by some sensitive information, e.g. channel name or server password. If one is able to obtain all this information, he [...]

An analysis of botnets

From The Honeynet Project & Research Alliance’s “Know your Enemy: Tracking Botnets” (13 March 2005):
A botnet is a network of compromised machines that can be remotely controlled by an attacker. … With the help of honeynets we can observe the people who run botnets … Due to the wealth of data logged, it is possible [...]

To combat phishing, change browser design philosophy

From Federico Biancuzzi’s “Phishing with Rachna Dhamija” (SecurityFocus: 19 June 2006):
We discovered that existing security cues are ineffective, for three reasons:
1. The indicators are ignored (23% of participants in our study did not look at the address bar, status bar, or any SSL indicators).
2. The indicators are misunderstood. For example, one regular Firefox user told [...]

Favelas, the slums of Rio De Janeiro

From Alex Bellos’s “Coke. Guns. Booty. Beats.” (Blender: June 2005):
In the slums of Rio De Janeiro, drug lords armed with submachine guns have joined forces with djs armed with massive sound systems and rude, raunchy singles. Welcome to the most exciting—and dangerous—underground club scene in the world. …
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, is the glamorous city [...]

FBI used OnStar for surveillance

From Charles R. Smith’s “Big Brother on Board: OnStar Bugging Your Car“:
GM cars equipped with OnStar are supposed to be the leading edge of safety and technology. …
However, buried deep inside the OnStar system is a feature few suspected - the ability to eavesdrop on unsuspecting motorists.
The FBI found out about this passive listening feature [...]

PATRIOT Act greatly expands what a ‘financial institution’ is

From Bruce Schneier’s “News” (Crypto-Gram Newsletter: 15 January 2004):
Last month Bush snuck into law one of the provisions of the failed PATRIOT ACT 2. The FBI can now obtain records from financial institutions without requiring permission from a judge. The institution can’t tell the target person that his records were taken by the FBI. And [...]

A new fraud: faking an entire company

From David Lague’s “Next step in pirating: Faking a company” (International Herald Tribune: 28 April 2006):
At first it seemed to be nothing more than a routine, if damaging, case of counterfeiting in a country where faking it has become an industry.
Reports filtering back to the Tokyo headquarters of the Japanese electronics giant NEC in mid-2004 [...]

Some surprising data isn’t encrypted in ATM transfers

From “Triple DES Upgrades May Introduce New ATM Vulnerabilities” (Payment News: 13 April 2006):
In a press release today, Redspin, an independent auditing firm based in Carpinteria, CA, suggests that the recent mandated upgrades of ATMs to support triple DES encryption of PINs has introduced new vulnerabilities into the ATM network environment - because of other [...]